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According to an RJC auditor, distributors only need to promise that they perform strong human legal rights due persistance, yet do not provide any proof for this. Neither does the Code of Practices need jewelersor other downstream companiesto have traceability or chain of custodianship of their gold or rubies. The Code of Practices is likewise weak in various other substantive areas, for instance, on indigenous individuals' civil liberties and on resettlement.

In March 2017, the RJC had 342 participants that had not (yet) finished the audit procedure that licenses conformity with the Code of Practices. Furthermore, firms can sign up with at any degree of their procedures. A little subsidiary workplace of a huge jewelry business can apply for RJC subscription, without consisting of the remainder of the firm's entities.

The Code of Practices does not call for business to publicly report on the concrete actions they have actually taken to carry out due diligencea core need of the OECD Support (Citizen Watches). Its reporting obligations are vague and do not point out due diligence or the demand for firms to report on the steps they have required to recognize, evaluate, and minimize risks in their supply chains

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A 2nd RJC criterion, the Chain-of-Custody Standard, promotes traceability and is more rigorous, however adherence to it is optional for RJC participants. By early 2018, just 48 of over 1,000 member companies had licensed entities under the standard, consisting of 13 jewelers. The Chain-of-Custody Criterion calls for companies to establish documentary proof of organization purchases along the supply chain and to confirm they are not creating damaging impacts in conflict-affected and risky locations.

Instead, firms are allowed to select some "entities" under their control for accreditation, leaving other entities of a business uncertified. While this might enable business to gradually switch over to even more accountable sourcing practices, the existing practice also carries the threat that an entire firm appreciates the reputational benefit when most of operations is not in compliance with the criterion.

All RJC member firms have to undertake an audit to demonstrate that they are compliant with the Code of Practices, and to receive accreditation. Those business that pick to get certification for the Chain-of-Custody Criterion have to undergo a different audit. Audits are based mainly on a testimonial of the business's created plans and documentation, and check outs to a "depictive set" of centers.

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It is not a comprehensive assessment concerning whether the business really executes or follows by its policies throughout its operations. As an example, big firms may have operations in multiple countries, and depend on several providers, however still might receive RJC accreditation based upon check outs to just a couple of centers under its straight control with no exam of lots of others.

Audits are supposed to include concerns on a wide array of human legal rights, auditors are not always qualified human civil liberties specialists (Tissot Watches). As soon as the auditors finish their record, they only submit a summary report of the audit to the RJC, not the complete audit record, which is shared just with the business



While labor misuses are prevalent in the sector, artisanal mines give revenue for numerous workers and countless mining communities. Human being Legal right Watch believes that the precious jewelry industry should aim to ensure that their initiatives to minimize supply chain human legal rights threats do not lead them to simply exclude all artisanal distributors from their supply chains as the "path of least resistance." Instead, they should sustain efforts to define and professionalize artisanal mines and enhance functioning conditions.

The OECD Fee Diligence Assistance recognizes this and is promoting cost-sharing within the sector. That means, all firms along the supply chain share the monetary concern. A number of campaigns have emerged that can assist jewelers map their gold and rubies to mines of origin, and much more responsibly resource from the artisanal industry.

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Concerning 600 grown-up miners have actually been registered at six mine sites; youngsters can not register. Accreditation of details mines versus responsible sourcing criteria can supply jewelers with greater assurance that the gold or rubies they buy from those mines are not tainted by civils rights abuses. Nongovernmental organizations such as Solidaridad and IMPACT company website can play an essential duty in supporting mines to boost practices so they have the ability to abide by the standard; this may include steps to deal with youngster labor, improve ecological conduct, access financing, and establish direct contact with customers.

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Two standardscertify artisanal and small-scale cash cow that adhere to human civil liberties, labor rights, and environmental standardsthe Fairmined Requirement and the Fairtrade Gold Criterion. Both call for third-party audits of individual mines. The Fairmined Requirement was presented by the Partnership for Accountable Mining (ARM) in 2014. Relying on the customer's certificate with Fairmined, the gold may be totally deducible to the mine of origin, or might be blended with various other gold.


This amount is just a tiny fraction of the gold made use of annually by numerous of the business analyzed in this report. As of very early 2018, 8 mines in 4 countries (Bolivia, Colombia, Mongolia, and Peru) were certified, with an added 20 mining organizations functioning towards qualification. The Fairmined Gold Criterion is currently developing a brand-new "market access" criterion that seeks to help artisanal cash cow in the process towards full qualification.

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It is provided under the umbrella of Fairtrade International, and allows jewelers to map their gold back all the way to the mine of origin. Fairtrade's initial certified mines were in Peru. Over the last few years, the Fairtrade Foundation, Solidaridad, and other NGOs carried out a program of training and assistance to artisanal and small gold miners in Africa, and in early 2017, accredited an artisanal golden goose in Uganda.

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